For farmers who are blind, to check the ripeness of peppers use tactile cues such as the size of the pepper.
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Persons with visual disability can type using a portable braille keyboard which used 6 dots/keys and translates typing into numbers and the alphabet. The braille keyboard is connected to a regular laptop or desktop for output.

To be able to place the food in a spot that a tied animal can reach, it is important to touch the animal to see their location, and to put their food tray close to them. Here the man with the visual disability is also doing a tactile check that the animal is in fact eating by feeling the body of the animal.

A tricycle can have a roof built over it whereby small and light items can be hung using a string.

A sickle is positioned in a piece of split bamboo, at the ideal height, for a girl using a wheelchair so she can cut hay in an easy motion. Using local materials such as bamboo to construct this adapted cutting device, also good for people with reduced hand strengths who cannot hold and use sickle traditionally.

For those who need to independently enter and exit their shops when using a wheelchair, it is ideal to have your shop height match that of your wheelchair, to ensure easy transfer to and from the main sitting area to the wheelchair. Additionally, using overhead speace by hanging items on a string can put more items within easy reach.

People with visual disability can independently move around using a white cane, however, a sighted guide can also help in getting to places a bit faster.

For persons with intellectual disabilities, having routine tasks assigned at a time at work can help with job success rate. They can learn to master specific steps easily. This man is taught to put labels on boxes and help assemble simple plastic parts in a factory.

Persons with intellectual disabilities may need additional support and supervision when learning new higher risk or slightly dangerous tasks, to do these tasks safely. Here someone with an intellectual disability is using a saw to cut metal with close supervision and support from his trainer and classmates to ensure he does not hurt himself.

Persons with intellectual disability raises family sheep herd, allowing for income diversification and personal emotional well-being.

For persons with difficulties sitting on the ground, squatting and/or standing from a sitting position, they can carry lightweight buckets or containers to their work areas to sit on. Here you see a nursery caretaker carrying a white bucket that he sits on to do his nursing work.

For persons who are deaf, there is often very little adaptation needed for their work outside of communication. This deaf denturist works on preparing dentures independently, which doesn't require any customer engagement. His boss has learned basic sign language to ensure they can communicate properly.

When having a congenital hand disability, burn or amputation, it is still possible to use the hand to hold or stabilize objects. However, a comfortable alternate grip where the person can use their unique hand anatomy needs to be found. This gentleman still uses his them and the top part of his index finger. Though the rest of the fingers are missing, he can still use what remains for a grip.

Due to leg paralysis, a hand operated sewing machine is more accessible and used by this tailor with legs that are disabled.

Persons with visual disability can learn to do the majority to all tasks that sighted persons perform on computers, using screen readers (e.g. NVDA or JAWS). This includes using keyboard functions that move between the different headings and categories of a document or website.

To help someone with foot weakness and who uses a prosthetic, a motor foot pedal was installed. The tailor stabilizes the motor with her right prosthetic foot and uses her left foot to push. She put a cloth on the pedal to make the contact surface more comfortalbe.

Tailor with a physical disability has raised floor of her shop using a wide table, so she sew at same height as her sales item which are within easy reach for her. She moves easily from tailoring activities, speaking to customers and sales.

WIth a light perforated basket, a person with a visual disability can easily feel with hands when the hay has gone to the bottom and trace fingers through basket.

Flooring of shop is flat and smooth for wheelchair use, front counter is made at height of the wheelchair for money exchange, and interior has well organized shelf within arm's reach from a sitting position.

For community mobility, man uses double prosthetics to help him move around.

Teacher has students rotate reading their school work near him, standing if needed, so he can support them adequately, rather that the teacher rotating around the classroom. He also has built an customized bamboo table at waist height where he can watch students working and support them as needed.

Floor of tricycle was extended so items could be placed, the frame was built around the the 4 corners to hold up a roof and where sales items can be hung.

Persons with moderate physical disabilities who require power wheelchairs often still have good use of their hands and strong fine motor skills. As seen here this lady uses her fingers to take very small items and place them into plastic bags.

The rocks around the water point are of various shapes, sizes and heights and a person with a visual impairment may learn which side of the water they are on based on the rocks. Additionally, the wooden post is a predictable spot to rest his stick and to orientate himself to the distance to waterpoint.

He also has raised the seat of his bicycle and gotten one with large wheels that will be easier to get in and out of, he also has added different hand holds to bicycle, so his neck and arms can be kept in different positions.

To move around safely inside shop where stock is kept and reach for items, shopkeeper can use prostethic leg and crutch.

For teachers who may use a walker wheelchair to access classrooms and schools, the environment needs to be easily accessible with flat, wide hallways and no stairs, as seen in this picture.

To help tailors using wheelchairs to access their measuring and cutting table, the table needs to be close to elbow or chest height when they are seated. Here a table is raised using bricks to be at a better height for the tailor.

Having a small table in front of your bed to help use as a work surface, makes working in front lying possible. The low table has another hardware placed on it.

When leading large animals with a rope, a simple stick can be use to scan the ground and environment to stay on the path and check that there are no forthcoming hazards.

For those with difficulty sitting (e.g. pressure sores, balance issues), lying on one's front is a possible work position, as seen here. One can lie in a way that the upper body is propped up on pillows, so that elbows are higher and activities such as knitting are possible because the upper body is free and more flexible to move.

As moving around with a mobility impairment can take more time in an inaccessible environment, storing one's materials and tools in easy to reach areas is of prime importance. This bike repairman uses the space under the table inside his shop to store tire parts and other tools he commonly may need in repairs. Additionally, the electrical outlet is wired within arms reach for easy use of electrical items.

Wheeled, spining chair allows man who cannot turn his neck - due to arthritis - to rotate easily using his legs.

In a work environment, there are various heights one can use to one's advantage. Here a shopkeeper with a mobility impairment works from a raised step where he can easily access the hub of the bike's wheel to work more comfortably.

For people using bilateral prosthetics who may not be able to sit/stand repeatedly or stand for long, it is important to organize shop to match a comfortable sitting height.

Hand-peddled tailoring

Man who has contracted knees due to arthritis, has difficulty bending and moving his legs, and needs long handled farming tools to help increase his range of motion while working.

To transport heavy goods, a tricycle can be ridden to/from town for persons with disabilities.

People with mobility disabilities that affect their lower body rely heavily on their shoulders and arms to help with crutch or wheelchair mobility. So alignment of the shoulders is important when working on a computer to avoid muscle fatigue and strain. Maximizing the ergonomics of work station by having the ideal keyboard height ensures that arms and shoulder work comfortably, reducing unnecessary strain on these muscles.

To help those with mobility limitations in their shops, a series of surfaces can be arranged around the perimeter of the shop to provide continuous areas to rest, sit or for supported walking to retreive items. These various surfaces also enable the shopkeeper to look out various windows of shops to see approaching customers. This shopkeeper uses 3 tables (one close to a fridge where he can balance himself while gabbing bottles and where he keeps his cash box), one facing the front of the shop where many items are stored (again can sit here), and one on the left inside of shop for resting during quiet hours, to look out the window.

To identify money for people that are blind, learn the different width, length and thickness of various bills. If raised ink and braille are present on bills in your country, practice identifying bills.

This man has put a brick under his right foot - the foot used for breaking - so he can more easily use his forefoot as his leg is better stabilized and at the right height for him. His foot does not slip around and he can push with more power through his right foot to brake with more control. The brick helps act as a lever for his ankle.

In rural setting tailors typically sit on plastic chairs (as seen on right, which are curved and not always firm), however, for people with lower extremity weakness, it is important to have a firm, supporting surface to sit on and work. Here the tailor uses a bed, with a cushion under him, to sit comfortably, but on a firm surface, to work.

o-workers can learn basic signs use texting on a phone to communicate with persons who are deaf. Here is a hearing co-worker (on right of photo) using some basic signs with a deaf co-worker (on left).

Shopkeeper with club feet, wears adapted shoes that stabilize his balance and footing, so that he can bend forwards to clean the floor of his shop, without slipping.

man sit in his open design shop where he can easily reach around and move his tricycle. Inside his shop items are organized at arm's length. His cash box and tools are on his right side, and other sales items kept behind him.

Customers can also be adaptable and inclusive, so informing them about staff with disabilities who communicate using sign language or texting on a phone can help customers play their part in creating an inclusive atmosphere. A clear sign in the serving environment can aid this process.

A person with different leg lengths needs different heights of foot rest, so adapting his work station so each foot is supported at the right height enables evenly balanced hips and back comfort.

Butcher with a physical disability uses tricycle to transport cutting boards and other equipment.

A person with a high level amputation rests his stump on his elbow crutch and positions himself close to his work table for two point of stabilization while working to pack meat for a customer, or to cut meat with a knife.

Varied seating is required for various tasks, this lady uses a short stool to fry food over a fire, and uses a higher chair for other activities to manage her shop (peel vegetables, etc). Having access to seating of various height is useful and can put hips and knees in different positions and avoid contractures.

When having a prosthetic leg, usually one works (e.g. sawing, hammering) using the side of the body without the prosthetic (in this case left side, as the right side has prosthetic leg). This allows balance and power to be maximized from the right side of body, which is stabler and can bear more weight to generate more power and balance.

When having a prosthetic leg, it is possible to saw a piece of wood and lean towards the strong side (left). However as a prosthetic leg cannot push to stabilize the wood, it is good to work with another person, e.g. a teammate, assistant or apprentice, who can help stabilize wood. Team work and collaboration can be enjoyable and help persons with physical disability use their skills.

Tricycle allows cobbler increased mobility. Can also use tricycle as workstation as it gives back and thigh support. Tools can also be stored in tricycle.

Shopkeeper sells both from his shop and his home, so that customers can reach him at any time. Here he is selling from home, where he does not require assistive devices like his adapted shoes as he is not doing demanding tasks that he does in his shop. For balance, he sits on 2 stacked chairs, which make it easier for him to stand up as it increases the height of the chair in proportion to his body's height.

Crutches enable shopkeeper to balance while standing and weighing heavy item. A rope used to lower a hanging scale helps her to weigh bulk items easily without needing to lift heavy counter weight as used in traditional scale.

Shop items organized in clockwise fashion around shopkeeper so she can easily reach items in front of her, on her left and on her right. Crutches kept nearby for moving short distances around shop.

Teacher has some difficult moving in class, so asks students to come in small groups up to the front of class where there is table. Children read and get more direct support from teacher. Rest of students can listen from floor seating.

Items requiring fine motor and accurate work are put on a shelf at chest level while seating. Shelved table used so it has 2 surfaces with scale that is used once per customer on top shelf.

For people with prosthetic leg(s), to lift loads and transfer heavy items, makes sure you position items on your strong side. In this picture, the man put the bags towards his stronger left side (prosthetic leg on right side) to be able to balance more easily.

With a prosthetic leg, lifting, carrying and balancing becomes more difficult. When a prosthetic leg is on the right side (e.g. this man), have your tricycle on your left side (strong side) to be able to lean towards your strong side to pack items, where you muscles have more control. Make sure your tricycle is on level ground and balanced.

As costs for transport are expensive for persons with disabilities, using mobility aids to aid with transport (by adding a carrying basket or case) can help transport items back from wholesalers to local shop.

Shopkeeper with disability visits wholesalers and uses front counter as resting area and also viewing area to choose stock he needs as he is close to the interior of the shop. Creative ways of transferring self to different surfaces for visual advantage is a good idea for persons with physical disabilities.

Man with visual impairment uses traditional scale with different size weight for bulk sales in his shop. He can identify different weights by toucing and sensing large and smaller sizes. He can touch the two sides of scales to check for balance. The weights are tied together by a long string to avoid losing or dropping weights, and to easily find them to weigh heavier items.

To aid in spreading the word about one's business, get ideas from other shopkeepers and work through challengs, socialization by businesspersons with disabiliteis with other businesspersons is an important technique. A tricycle enables mobility, allowing increased ability to expand business network.

Shopkeepers who stand with help of crutches need work area to be waist level (minimum) so items can easily be reached without stooping, to keep upright, maintain balance, so hands can move more easily as not needing to hold crutch and can lean on counter to help.

For person with visual disabilities, a phone charging station that is in a fixed spot and mounted upright can easily be located and used. An easy to use system organizes phones from left to right, to locate phones easily Keep same type of chargers together on one side of board, to easily locate items.

To easily locate items when having a visual disability, keep a grid system in your storage area, where each type of item is stocked separately and can quickly be located by counting or touching its location on the shelf (e.g. 2nd from left on top shelf). Always stock items in same location. Can also easliy count items using tactile counting, to see how many left when visual counting not possible.

To confirm phone is charging with visual impairment, ensure phone programmed for recurrent and varient audio cues for different functions (check phone settings).

Communication is key for persons with visual disabillities, during money exchanges, confirm bill received and confirm change you are giving to customer- to avoid misunderstandings or theft.

A basket weaver keeps items close to her and clearly positioned. Sickle on right, bamboo strips on left. She feels distance to cutting area with her toes to maintain a consistent distance.

To manage theft of goods of shopkeepers who are blind or with low vision, a red wire mesh fence has been installed at front of their shop to prevent persons from taking items. Customer exchanges goods and payment through a small side door he uses to enter the shop.

Food cart has been modified to have a glass frame to make it more difficult for people to steal items, which is a higher risk due to the owner's visual disability. The vehicle has a transparent roof that makes it easier to see everything inside. The food cart is raised to eye level so he can easily get close to items to see what they are when preparing the food, and can be another mechanism to reduce child theft as reduces the reach.

Man uses a short stool and a small wooden branch under one foot to stabilize hips and support shoulder movements when cutting bamboo. Stool and branch complement an imbalanced musculature and help with stabilization.

Paved work area to move around easily with or without wheelchair or tricycle. Short stool to sit in stable posture in his work area.

Animal feeder container is raised by a local bag of materials so that hay can be put in by someone using a wheelchair. Round container (instead of square) makes is easier for wheelchair user to move around and get close to.

Extended water point handle for someone using a wheelchair, using welded metal piece.

Comparing different platforms for selling fish. The red one built for someone with physical disability (left) is more stable, durable and has storage space inside.

Man has one arm weaker than the other, and uses his strong arm (right in this photo) to pull the boat, and their weaker arm to steer the front of the boat in the right direction. Also working in water can help reduce imbalance as body weight becomes lighter.

A digital freestanding scale, raised platform work area with storage under for scale/bowls and other items so they don't need to be carried back and forth to the market daily.

Teach out of home where children come to learn and where courtyard can be reached via accessible ramp from home.

Use a long handled stick to help point out mistakes, have children sit on the ground to minimize barriers and see their lessons more easily.

Adapted frame on tricycle to help carry long and wide baskets to town. Use metal wires tied on hooks to tie basket to frame.

Sitting on a raised stool to help back stay in a comfortable position so he can face forward and speak with his customers.

A table to raise the height of the scale to weigh chickens for someone with a bent back (a physical disability - spina bifida)

Shopkeeper uses market ledge as sit area due to limited standing tolerance, raised boxes used under vegetables to make items easier to reach. Walking stick nearby for easily mobility.

Vegetables organized in pyramid shaped piles and in clockwise fashion, so easily reachable by shopkeeper.

Shopkeeper serves customer and chats from raising sitting chair, due to difficulty standing for long periods of time.

For reduce standing tolerance, balance and joint pain, resting positions are needed for long work hours where all joints are supported. This chair supports back, hips, thighs and lower legs. It is also a raised chair so that persons sit at eye level with the opening of front counter to serve customers.

For difficulty bending knees or reduced balance, the organization of items would ideally be between head and thigh height to avoid stooping and risk falling.

Feet put one on top of each other to increase muscle power and control to activate the light-touch motor that powers sewing machine. Wooden platform help balance/rest foot in different positions and used as fulcrum.

Plastic storage containers of various heights, shapes, and differently brightly colored tops help shopkeeper who is blind differentiate. The outside texture of bottles (vertical / horizontal lines or smooth finish) helps shopkeeper distinguish was will be contained inside. Plastic bags holding goods at eye level, can be lightly touched by shop keeper to identify what is inside for sale. All items are easily within reach and maximize front counter space of shop for ease of reach and selling.

Working in pairs helps employee with intellectual disability stay on task.

Crutches enable the store owner increased mobility to move around her store.

A prosthetic leg enables increased walking and mobility.

Sign language and written communication enables waiter to communicate with colleagues

A farmer who is blind navigates his land using a long stick resembling a white cane, leading two cows by ropes to ensure they follow.

A cane that enables walking and increased mobility

A waterproof digital scale that allows weighing of fish without holding up a manual scale.

Modified sitting platform in the market to accommodate for limited movement in legs.

Paving courtyard area in family home to enable tricycle to move freely and not get stuck in the mud, especially during the monsoon season.

Paving rural road to prevent tricycle from getting stuck in the mud and enabling it to move freely, especially in the monsoon season.

Sewing machine has a small motor attached that replaces the foot pedal for person with physical disability that cannot use their legs.

A combination of white cane and tactile strips indicate pathway in and out of shop for shopkeeper that is blind.

Touch point on store enables shopkeeper who is blind orient himself when entering and exiting his store.

Tactile strip indicates front entrance of shop for shopkeeper that is blind.

Tactile strips indicates front of shop for shopkeeper that is blind.